Beiträge von void im Thema „Begriffe im Pāḷi: Bedeutungsklärung“

  • Begriffe im Pāḷi: Bedeutungsklärung

    jnana kommt aus der Protoindogermanischen Wurzel ǵneh aus der in unseren Sprachen lateinisch "Gnoscere", Englisch "know" und Deutschen "kennen" kommen.


    Wobei das "vi" dann einer Vorsilbe des "Zerteilens" entsprechen würde. Das heißt, das einglische Wort "discern" wäre sehr nahe dran. Es hat vorne ein "dis" und hinten etwas, was auf "kennen" zurückgeht.


    Das allerbeste deutsche Wort wäre wohl "zerkennen". Echt schade, daß es das nicht gibt.

  • Begriffe im Pāḷi: Bedeutungsklärung

    Spock:

    Welche Bedeutung/en hat das Präfix "vi-" in Sanskrit und in Pali? Und sind die Bedeutungen bei beiden Sprachen gleich?


    Nach Etymology of buddhist Terms: the prefix vi hat es In Pali wie in Sanskrit drei Funktionen:


    Zitat
    • A Reversal or Removal. This is similar to a negation. An example in English is disappear; to cease to appear. Another is disconnect; to end a connection. Disengage, disservice, and defuse are other examples in which dis- serves to reverse the meaning of the base word. An example of this function is seen in the Buddhist terms viraga and vimala.
    • To sunder, sever, divide, separate, or take ‘apart:’ Sometimes this is sort of like a negations, as in the word dismember — to cut or tear off or part. At other times, it simply kind of sorts things out, as in delineate. Disseminate is another example in which dis- means to divide up, as is discourse. This kind of function for vi- is seen in the Buddhist terms vinaya, vihara, and vinnana / vijnana.
    • An Intensifier: This use of dis- in English, or vi- in Pali or Sanskrit, does not change the meaning of the root word; it sets the use of the word ‘apart’ from its common usage. The best example in English ins disgruntled. What were we before we became disgruntled? Were we gruntled? The answer is yes. Gruntle is an old verb that meant to groan, grunt, or grumble. So, gruntled meant that one was malcontented. Disgruntled means to be utterly discontented, an intensive of gruntled. There is also the verb debar; which means virtually the same thing as the verb bar; but might imply a more official or permanent prohibition. Also, disannul intensifies annul. The vi- in the Buddhist terms vipassana / vipashyana, and visuddha / vishuddha is an intensifier. By the way, em-, en-, ex-, il-, in-, and ir- are other examples are prefixes than can act like negations; but are also used as intensifiers.